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Content Area: Math
Index: 4.1C Grade 2 CPI 1
Standard: 4.1 - Number and Numerical Operations
Strand: C - Estimation
Cumulative Progress Indicator: 1 - The student will judge without counting whether a set of objects has less than, more than, or the same number of objects as a reference set.
Grade: 2
Sample Activities:
· Students place various amounts of counters or other small objects in individual plastic bags. Working in groups of four students, the children choose one bag to be the reference set and judge whether each of the other bags has more than, less than, or the same as the reference set. Initially, they should try to make the judgments without counting. The teacher observes the groups as they work, making notes about the students' progress.
· Young children benefit from frequently comparing sets of objects to some given number. For example, given sets of colored chips arranged on a table, they should name which sets have more than five and which have less than five.
· Students play the card game War with a set of cards without numerals (i.e., cards which only show sets of hearts, clubs, diamonds, or spades). Students will easily distinguish between the 7's and the 3's, but will be reluctant to make judgments about closer numbers like the 4's and 5's without counting. As they play more often, however, their ability to distinguish will visibly improve. They may also begin to notice patterns involving even and odd numbers on their own.
· Students learn to recognize certain arrangements of dots or stars as representing certain numbers. Using flashcards, they estimate the number of dots or stars, and then count to check their estimates.
· After reading Ten Black Dots by Donald Crews, students make up their own uses for 1-10 black dots. They use adhesive dots to create their own books that include uses for each of the numbers from 1 through 10. They then estimate and count the total number of dots they actually use for their book. (The total might surprise them: 55.)
· As an assessment of students' ability to judge without counting, the teacher puts some counters (more than five) on the overhead projector, turns it on for a few seconds, and then asks the students to write whether the number of counters shown is closer to 10 or to 20.
Kidspiration Activities:
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