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STANDARD 2.1 (WELLNESS) ALL STUDENTS WILL LEARN AND APPLY HEALTH PROMOTION
CONCEPTS AND SKILLS TO SUPPORT A HEALTHY, ACTIVE LIFESTYLE.
Descriptive Statement: This standard aims to increase student
knowledge about the physical, social, emotional, and intellectual dimensions of
wellness, thus enabling them to make informed choices about their health now and
in the future. Wellness can be defined as a way of life that emphasizes
health promotion measures such as healthy eating, learning to manage stress,
reducing one’s risk of contracting a disease, and preventing and treating simple
injuries. Taking responsibility for one’s own health is an essential step
towards developing and maintaining a healthy, active lifestyle.
Cumulative
Progress Indicators
By the end of Grade
2, students will:
A. Personal Health
1. Define wellness and explain how making healthy choices and having
healthy relationships contribute to wellness.
2. Describe and demonstrate self-care
practices that support wellness, such as brushing and flossing teeth, washing
hands, and wearing appropriate attire for weather or sports.
B. Growth and Development
1.
Name and locate body organs and
parts.
2.
Describe how children are alike
and how they are different.
C. Nutrition
1.
Explain why some foods are
healthier to eat than others.
2.
Sort foods according to food groups and food
sources.
3. Explain what information can be
found on food and product labels.
D. Diseases and Health Conditions
1. Explain why diseases and health conditions
need to be detected and treated early.
2. Explain the difference between communicable
and non-communicable diseases.
3. Discuss common symptoms of diseases and
health conditions.
4. Explain ways to prevent the spread of
diseases such as hand washing, immunizations, covering coughs, and not sharing
cups, hats, or combs.
E. Safety
1.
Explain and demonstrate ways to
prevent injuries, including seat belts and child safety seats in motor
vehicles, protective gear, and fire, bus, and traffic safety procedures.
2.
Explain and demonstrate simple
first aid procedures, including getting help and calling 911, knowing personal
information such as address and phone number, avoiding contact with blood and
other body fluids, and caring for small cuts.
3.
Distinguish among “good/safe
touch,” “bad/unsafe touch,” and “confusing touch” and explain what to do if
touching causes uncomfortable feelings.
4.
Identify safe and appropriate
behavior for use when interacting with strangers, acquaintances, and trusted
adults.
5.
Identify warning labels found on
medicines and household products.
F. Social and Emotional Health
1. Explain that all human beings have basic needs including food,
water, sleep, shelter, clothing, and love.
2. Recognize
various emotions and demonstrate sympathy and empathy.
3. Describe and demonstrate appropriate ways to express wants,
needs, and emotions.
4.
Identify the possible causes of
conflict and discuss appropriate ways to prevent and resolve conflicts.
Building
upon knowledge and skills gained in preceding grades, by the end of Grade 4,
students will:
A. Personal Health
1. Describe the
physical, social, and emotional dimensions of wellness.
2.
Describe and
demonstrate personal hygiene practices that support wellness.
3.
Analyze the
impact of health choices and behaviors on wellness.
B. Growth and Development
1.
Describe the
structure and function of human body systems.
2.
Describe each
human life stage and the physical changes that occur at each stage.
3.
Discuss factors
that contribute to healthy physical, social, emotional, and intellectual growth
and uniqueness.
C. Nutrition
1.
Differentiate
between healthy and unhealthy eating patterns.
2.
Classify foods by
food group, food source, nutritional content, and nutritional value.
3.
Interpret food
product labels.
4.
Discuss how healthy eating provides energy, helps to maintain
healthy weight, lowers risk of disease, and keeps body systems working.
D. Diseases and Health Conditions
1.
Discuss the
importance of the early detection of diseases and health conditions.
2.
Investigate ways to treat common childhood diseases and health
conditions.
3.
Explain that some diseases and health conditions are preventable
and some are not.
4. Describe the signs and symptoms of diseases and health
conditions common in children.
5.
Investigate how the use
of universal precautions, sanitation and waste disposal, proper food handling
and storage, and environmental controls help to prevent diseases and health
conditions.
6.
Discuss myths and facts about mental illness.
E. Safety
1.
Describe the
characteristics of safe and unsafe situations and develop strategies to reduce
the risk of injuries at home, school, and community.
2. Describe and demonstrate simple first aid procedures, including
the assessment of choking and breathing, the control of bleeding and the care
of minor wounds and burns.
3.
Explain that abuse can take several forms, including verbal,
emotional, sexual, and physical, and identify ways to get help should abuse be
suspected.
4. Describe the characteristics of strangers, acquaintances, and
trusted adults and demonstrate safe and appropriate ways to deal with each.
F. Social and Emotional Health
1. Describe basic human needs and how individuals and families
attempt to meet those needs.
2. Discuss how culture,
peers, and the media impact the way individuals communicate and express
emotions, and how emotions can affect communication, choices, and behaviors.
3.
Distinguish among
conflict, violence, vandalism, harassment, and bullying and discuss factors
that contribute to each.
4.
Describe and
demonstrate strategies to prevent, reduce, or mediate conflict.
5.
Discuss the causes of stress and
demonstrate ways to deal with stressful situations.
6.
Explain and demonstrate ways to cope with rejection, loss, and
separation.
7.
Explain how stereotypes influence personal growth and behavior.
Building upon knowledge and skills
gained in preceding grades, by the end of Grade 6, students will:
A. Personal
Health
1.
Discuss the
physical, social, emotional, and intellectual dimensions of wellness.
2.
Describe the
appropriate use of healthcare and personal hygiene products.
3.
Discuss how health data, such as blood pressure, body composition,
and cholesterol, can be used to assess and improve wellness.
4.
Discuss how
health knowledge, health choices, self-control, resistance and self-management
skills influence wellness.
5.
Discuss how technology impacts
wellness.
B. Growth
and Development
1.
Compare and contrast body systems, their parts and functions, and explain
that body systems must work together to
ensure wellness.
2.
Compare the rate
of physical, social, emotional, and
intellectual change during various life stages and discuss ways to foster healthy
growth.
3.
Discuss how heredity and physiological changes contribute to an individual’s
uniqueness.
C. Nutrition
1. Discuss factors
that influence food choices.
2. Compare food
choices based on nutrient content and value, calories, and cost and create a
healthy meal plan.
3.
Analyze
nutrition information on food packages and labels.
4. Discuss the short- and long-term benefits and risks associated
with nutritional choices.
D. Diseases and Health Conditions
1.
Compare and contrast methods used to diagnose and treat diseases
and health conditions.
2. Differentiate among communicable, non-communicable, acute,
chronic, and inherited diseases and health conditions.
3. Compare and contrast diseases and health conditions prevalent in
adolescents, including asthma, obesity, diabetes, Lyme disease, STDs, and
HIV/AIDS.
4. Discuss the use of public health strategies to prevent diseases
and health conditions.
5. Compare and contrast
forms of mental illness such as phobias, anxiety and panic disorders, and
depression.
E. Safety
1. Compare and contrast the incidence and characteristics of
intentional and unintentional injuries in adolescents.
2. Analyze the short- and long-term impacts of injuries on
individuals and families and develop strategies to reduce the incidence of such
injuries.
3. Demonstrate and assess basic first aid procedures, including
victim and situation assessment, rescue breathing and choking, and care of
minor cuts, sprains, and bleeding.
4. Discuss the physical,
social, and emotional impacts of all forms of abuse and discuss what to do if
any form of abuse is suspected or occurs.
F. Social
and Emotional Health
1.
Examine how personal assets, (e.g., self
esteem, positive peer relationships) and protective
factors (e.g., parental involvement) support
healthy social and emotional development.
2. Choose and
justify appropriate strategies to deal with conflict, violence, harassment,
vandalism, and bullying.
3. Describe home,
school, and community efforts to prevent conflict, vandalism, bullying,
harassment, and violence.
4.
Describe the physical
and emotional signs of stress and the short-and long-term impacts of stress on
the human body.
5. Compare and contrast ways that
individuals, families, and communities cope with change, crisis, rejection,
loss, and separation.
6.
Discuss how
stereotyping might influence one’s goals, choices, and behaviors.
Building upon knowledge and skills gained in preceding grades, by the
end of Grade 8, students will:
A. Personal Health
1. Describe the appropriate selection and use of healthcare and
personal hygiene products.
2.
Evaluate the impact
of health behaviors and choices on personal and family wellness.
3.
Interpret health
data to make predictions about wellness.
4. Investigate how
technology and medical advances impact wellness.
B. Growth and
Development
1. Discuss how body
systems are interdependent and interrelated.
2.
Investigate the
physical, social, emotional, and intellectual changes that occur at each life
stage and how those changes impact wellness.
3. Discuss how heredity, physiological changes, environmental
influences, and varying social experiences contribute to an individual’s
uniqueness.
C. Nutrition
1.
Analyze how
culture, health status, age, and eating environment influence personal eating
patterns and discuss ways to improve nutritional balance.
2.
Describe healthy
ways to lose, gain, or maintain weight.
3.
Describe the
impact of nutrients on the functioning of human body systems.
4.
Analyze how healthy
eating patterns throughout life can reduce the risk of heart disease and high
cholesterol, cancer, osteoporosis, and other health conditions.
D. Diseases and Health Conditions
1.
Investigate current
and emerging methods to diagnose and treat diseases and health conditions.
2. Classify
diseases and health conditions as communicable, noncommunicable, acute,
chronic, or inherited.
3. Compare and
contrast diseases and health conditions, including hepatitis, STDs, HIV/AIDS,
breast cancer, and testicular cancer.
4. Analyze local and state public
health efforts to prevent and control diseases and health conditions.
5.
Investigate various forms of
mental illness including impulse disorders such as gambling or shopping,
depression, eating disorders, and bipolar disorders.
E. Safety
1.
Assess situations
in the home, school, and community for perceived vs. actual risk of injuries.
2. Investigate the short- and long-term impacts of injuries on the
individual, the family and the community.
3.
Describe and
demonstrate first aid procedures including, situation and victim assessment,
Basic Life Support, and the care of bleeding and wounds, bums, fractures,
shock, and poisoning.
4. Discuss the short- and
long-term physical, social, and emotional impacts of all forms of abuse.
5. Describe and demonstrate
strategies to increase personal safety while in public places and discuss what
to do if one’s safety is compromised.
F. Social and Emotional Health
1. Analyze how
personal assets, resiliency, and protective factors support healthy social and
emotional development.
2. Discuss the
developmental tasks of adolescence, including the development of mature
relationships, gender identification, a healthy body image, emotional
independence, and life skills.
3. Investigate
factors and choices that contribute to the incidence of conflict, harassment, bullying,
vandalism, and violence and demonstrate strategies to deal with each.
4. Analyze the effectiveness of home, school, and community efforts
to prevent conflict, harassment, vandalism, and violence.
5. Debate the consequences of
conflict and violence on the individual, the family, and the community.
6. Describe
situations that may produce stress, describe the body’s responses to stress,
and demonstrate healthy ways to manage stress.
7.
Analyze how
culture influences the ways families and groups cope with crisis and change.
Building upon knowledge and skills
gained in preceding grades, by the end of Grade 12, students will:
A. Personal Health
1.
Compare and
contrast healthcare and personal hygiene products and services commonly used by
adolescents and young adults.
2.
Investigate the
impact of health choices and behaviors on personal, family, and community
wellness.
3.
Use health data
to make predictions about wellness and recommend behavior changes to improve
lifelong wellness.
4.
Debate the social and ethical implications of the use of
technology and medical advances to support wellness.
B. Growth and Development
1. Recommend behaviors to enhance and support the optimal functioning
of body systems.
2. Predict and
discuss significant developmental issues or concerns that impact each life
stage.
3. Predict the
impact of heredity and genetics on human growth and development.
C. Nutrition
1. Analyze and evaluate current dietary recommendations, resources,
and trends from a variety of sources.
2.
Design and
evaluate a nutrition plan for a healthy young adult considering cost,
availability, nutritional balance, freshness, nutritional value, and culture.
3.
Recommend healthy
ways to lose, gain, or maintain weight.
4. Analyze and evaluate
how healthy and unhealthy eating patterns impact the functioning of the human
body, including healthy bone development and immune system functioning.
D. Diseases and
Health Conditions
1.
Analyze the
availability and effectiveness of current and emerging diagnostic and treatment
modalities for various diseases and health conditions.
2.
Discuss the relationship between signs and symptoms of disease and
the functioning of the body’s immune system.
3.
Compare and contrast diseases and health conditions occurring in
adolescence and young adulthood with those occurring later in life, including cancer,
cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, arthritis, osteoporosis, and
Alzheimer’s.
4.
Investigate and assess
local, state, national, and international public health efforts.
5.
Investigate the impact
of mental illness on personal, family, and community wellness.
E. Safety
1.
Evaluate work and
leisure situations for perceived and actual risk of intentional and
unintentional injuries.
2.
Develop personal
protection strategies to reduce the incidence of injuries and evaluate their
effectiveness.
3. Assess the short- and long-term impacts of injuries on the
individual, family members, the community, and the workplace.
4. Describe and demonstrate
first aid procedures, including Basic Life Support and automatic external
defibrillation, caring for bone and joint emergencies, caring for cold and heat
injuries, and responding to medical emergencies.
5.
Describe and demonstrate ways to
protect against sexual assault and discuss what to do if sexually assaulted.
F. Social
and Emotional Health
1. Discuss psychological
principles and theories of personality development.
2.
Analyze the
impact of physical development, social norms and expectations, self-esteem, and
perceived vulnerability on adolescent social and emotional growth and behavior.
3. Analyze how peer
norms and expectations, the availability of weapons, substance abuse, media
images, and poor role models contribute to violent behavior.
4. Predict the consequences of
conflict, harassment, bullying, vandalism, and violence on individuals,
families, and the community.
5.
Predict how a family might cope
with crisis or change and suggest ways to restore family balance and function.
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